The article begins on page 14. Most Barnes & Noble bookstores in USA carry the magazine. The article is not available online at this time.
The article reviews four studies with DNA results from 23 people: 4 Iron Age; 11 Roman and 8 Anglo Saxon - 12 men and 11 women. There are a number of charts in the article and details of each individual on pages 24-25.
http://new.archaeologyuk.org/british-archaeology-magazine
Edited to add the following:
Here are citations to three studies discussed in the British Archaeology article I posted about last night as well as citations to two other aDNA articles mentioned but not discussed:
Roman London
Redfern, R.,, Going south of the river: A multidisciplinary analysis of ancestry, mobility and diet in a population from Roman Southwark,London, Journal of Archaeological Science, Volume 74, October 2016, Pages 11–22, http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305440316301030
and
Museum of London Report on the DNA Analyses of Four Roman Individuals Supplementary Information,
http://www.museumoflondon.org.uk/application/files/3114/6598/9153/McMaster_Roman_DNA_Report.pdf
Northern England
Bradley, et al, Genomic signals of migration and continuity in Britain before the Anglo-Saxons, Nature Communications, Jan 2016, DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10326,
http://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms10326
and
Muldner, Gundula; Chenery, Carolyn; Eckardt, Hella. 2011, The ‘Headless Romans’ : multi-isotope investigations of an unusual burial ground from Roman Britain. Journal of Archaeological Science, 38 (2). 280-290. 10.1016/j.jas.2010.09.003, paywall: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305440310003134 (not discussed)
Angle-Saxon
Schiffels, S., et al, Iron Age and Anglo-Saxon genomes from East England reveal British migration history, Nature Communications · January 2016 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10408 : https://www.researchgate.net/publication/291328000
Ireland (not discussed)
Neolithic and Bronze Age migration to Ireland and establishment of the insular Atlantic genome,
Lara M. Cassidya,1, Rui Martinianoa,1, Eileen M. Murphyb , Matthew D. Teasdalea , James Malloryb , Barrie Hartwellb , and Daniel G. Bradleya,2 a Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland; and b School of Geography, Archaeology and Palaeoecology, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland,
http://www.pnas.org/content/113/2/368.full.pdf
The conclusion is that there is genetic continuity through the Roman period with two African and one Middle Eastern individuals as exceptions, and then a genetic change in the Anglo-Saxon era from ~400-900 A.D. 20% to 40% of modern British ancestry can be attributed to the Anglo-Saxons.
Any error in interpretation is mine.
Showing posts with label ancient dna. Show all posts
Showing posts with label ancient dna. Show all posts
Sunday, November 20, 2016
Wednesday, November 14, 2012
Article: Archaic Human Genomics
Archaic human genomics
Todd R. Disotell*
Article first published online: 2 NOV 2012
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ajpa.22159/abstract
DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.22159
Copyright © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Issue
American Journal of Physical Anthropology
Supplement: Supplement: Yearbook of Physical Anthropology
Volume 149, Issue Supplement 55, pages 24–39, 2012
Keywords:
Neanderthals;Denisovans;introgression;ancient DNA
Abstract
For much of the 20th century, the predominant view of human evolutionary history was derived from the fossil record. Homo erectus was seen arising in Africa from an earlier member of the genus and then spreading throughout the Old World and into the Oceania. A regional continuity model of anagenetic change from H. erectus via various intermediate archaic species into the modern humans in each of the regions inhabited by H. erectus was labeled the multiregional model of human evolution (MRE). A contrasting model positing a single origin, in Africa, of anatomically modern H. sapiens with some populations later migrating out of Africa and replacing the local archaic populations throughout the world with complete replacement became known as the recent African origin (RAO) model. Proponents of both models used different interpretations of the fossil record to bolster their views for decades. In the 1980s, molecular genetic techniques began providing evidence from modern human variation that allowed not only the different models of modern human origins to be tested but also the exploration demographic history and the types of selection that different regions of the genome and even specific traits had undergone. The majority of researchers interpreted these data as strongly supporting the RAO model, especially analyses of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Extrapolating backward from modern patterns of variation and using various calibration points and substitution rates, a consensus arose that saw modern humans evolving from an African population around 200,000 years ago. Much later, around 50,000 years ago, a subset of this population migrated out of Africa replacing Neanderthals in Europe and western Asia as well as archaics in eastern Asia and Oceania. mtDNA sequences from more than two-dozen Neanderthals and early modern humans re-enforced this consensus. In 2010, however, the complete draft genomes of Neanderthals and of heretofore unknown hominins from Siberia, called Denisovans, demonstrated gene flow between these archaic human species and modern Eurasians but not sub-Saharan Africans. Although the levels of gene flow may be very limited, this unexpected finding does not fit well with either the RAO model or MRE model. More thorough sampling of modern human diversity, additional fossil discoveries, and the sequencing of additional hominin fossils are necessary to throw light onto our origins and our history. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Todd R. Disotell*
Article first published online: 2 NOV 2012
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ajpa.22159/abstract
DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.22159
Copyright © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Issue
American Journal of Physical Anthropology
Supplement: Supplement: Yearbook of Physical Anthropology
Volume 149, Issue Supplement 55, pages 24–39, 2012
Keywords:
Neanderthals;Denisovans;introgression;ancient DNA
Abstract
For much of the 20th century, the predominant view of human evolutionary history was derived from the fossil record. Homo erectus was seen arising in Africa from an earlier member of the genus and then spreading throughout the Old World and into the Oceania. A regional continuity model of anagenetic change from H. erectus via various intermediate archaic species into the modern humans in each of the regions inhabited by H. erectus was labeled the multiregional model of human evolution (MRE). A contrasting model positing a single origin, in Africa, of anatomically modern H. sapiens with some populations later migrating out of Africa and replacing the local archaic populations throughout the world with complete replacement became known as the recent African origin (RAO) model. Proponents of both models used different interpretations of the fossil record to bolster their views for decades. In the 1980s, molecular genetic techniques began providing evidence from modern human variation that allowed not only the different models of modern human origins to be tested but also the exploration demographic history and the types of selection that different regions of the genome and even specific traits had undergone. The majority of researchers interpreted these data as strongly supporting the RAO model, especially analyses of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Extrapolating backward from modern patterns of variation and using various calibration points and substitution rates, a consensus arose that saw modern humans evolving from an African population around 200,000 years ago. Much later, around 50,000 years ago, a subset of this population migrated out of Africa replacing Neanderthals in Europe and western Asia as well as archaics in eastern Asia and Oceania. mtDNA sequences from more than two-dozen Neanderthals and early modern humans re-enforced this consensus. In 2010, however, the complete draft genomes of Neanderthals and of heretofore unknown hominins from Siberia, called Denisovans, demonstrated gene flow between these archaic human species and modern Eurasians but not sub-Saharan Africans. Although the levels of gene flow may be very limited, this unexpected finding does not fit well with either the RAO model or MRE model. More thorough sampling of modern human diversity, additional fossil discoveries, and the sequencing of additional hominin fossils are necessary to throw light onto our origins and our history. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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